ISO 21384-4:2025
Uncrewed aircraft systems — Part 4: Vocabulary
無乘員航空器系統辭彙輯
（續前篇）
3.35
loss of command and control link contact with the uncrewed aircraft (3.80) such that the remote pilot can no longer manage the flight of the UA (3.80)
喪失無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）的指揮與控制鏈結，導致遠端飛行員無法再管理無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）的飛行。
3.36
angle on the horizontal plane between magnetic north and true north.
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3.35
lost link 失落鏈結
loss of command and control link contact with the uncrewed aircraft (3.80) such that the remote pilot can no longer manage the flight of the UA (3.80) 喪失無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）的指揮與控制鏈結，導致遠端飛行員無法再管理無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）的飛行。
3.36
magnetic declination 磁偏角
angle on the horizontal plane between magnetic north and true north.磁北方向與真北方向之水平面上的夾角。
補充說明：
補充說明：
圖8：磁偏角示意圖
【格線）= 地球經緯度的緯線，往上指向北半球的頂點。【真北】=直線到地理北極（印刷式地圖和 GPS 所採用的北方，朝上）。
【磁北】=手持的羅盤指針指向的位置（地球磁場極點，朝上且帶有偏移角）。
兩者之間的夾角就是磁偏角（亦稱【赤緯】），它是在平坦地面（水平面）上測量的，並不涉及高度的變化。
3.37
aircraft which is intended or designed to be operated with at least one human pilot on board.
【磁北】=手持的羅盤指針指向的位置（地球磁場極點，朝上且帶有偏移角）。
兩者之間的夾角就是磁偏角（亦稱【赤緯】），它是在平坦地面（水平面）上測量的，並不涉及高度的變化。
3.37
crewed aircraft乘員航空器
aircraft which is intended or designed to be operated with at least one human pilot on board.預期或設計上至少承載一名人類飛行員操作的航空器。
3.38
UA (3.80) that is capable of sustained flight in the atmosphere and that is used exclusively for leisure flights, air displays, sport or competition activities.
無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）具備在大氣層中持續飛行的能力，僅限用於休閒飛行、空中表演、體育或競賽活動。
3.39
process of observing on a regular basis over a period of time.
3.38
model aircraft模型航空器
UA (3.80) that is capable of sustained flight in the atmosphere and that is used exclusively for leisure flights, air displays, sport or competition activities.無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）具備在大氣層中持續飛行的能力，僅限用於休閒飛行、空中表演、體育或競賽活動。
3.39
monitoring監督
process of observing on a regular basis over a period of time. 持續一段時間、定期性觀察的過程。
3.40
government statutory authority in each country that oversees the approval and regulation of civil aviation.
3.40
national aviation authority國家航空管理局
government statutory authority in each country that oversees the approval and regulation of civil aviation.每個國家的法定機關，負責監督民用航空的核准與法律規定。
3.41
aircraft that do not have an electronic means of conspicuity (i.e. a transponder) aboard or not operating such equipment due to malfunction or deliberate action.
航空器上沒有電子式定位裝置（例如應答器），或因故障或蓄意行為而無法操作此類設備的航空器。
3.42
specified information provided UAS (3.83) traffic management (UTM) service providers, relative to an intended flight or portion of a flight of a UA (3.80)
3.41
non-cooperative aircraft未契合航空器
aircraft that do not have an electronic means of conspicuity (i.e. a transponder) aboard or not operating such equipment due to malfunction or deliberate action.航空器上沒有電子式定位裝置（例如應答器），或因故障或蓄意行為而無法操作此類設備的航空器。
3.42
operation plan營運計畫
specified information provided UAS (3.83) traffic management (UTM) service providers, relative to an intended flight or portion of a flight of a UA (3.80) 向無乘員航空器系統（UAS）（3.83）提供特定資訊的無乘員航空器交通管理（UTM）服務提供者，相對於無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）預期的既定航線或部分航線。
3.43
web-based tools and information provided by a service provider (SP) to a UAS (3.83) operator or its staff, to support safe and efficient planning and execution of a flight mission, as well as and post-flight activities.
由服務提供者（SP）提供給無乘員航空器系統（UAS）（3.83）飛行員或其員工的網路工具與資訊，以支持安全且高效的飛行任務規劃與執行，以及飛行後活動。
Note 1: Operation support services cover a time span much wider than UAS traffic management (UTM) services. Although they support UAS operations, they are neither traffic management nor air navigation services.
註1：營運支援服務涵蓋的時間範圍遠比無乘員航空器交通管理（UTM）服務更為廣泛。雖然它們支援無乘員航空器運作，但既非交通管理，也非航空導航服務。
3.44
volume of airspace in which the aircraft is proposed to operate, defined by points on the ground and altitudes.
3.43
operation support service營運支援服務
web-based tools and information provided by a service provider (SP) to a UAS (3.83) operator or its staff, to support safe and efficient planning and execution of a flight mission, as well as and post-flight activities.由服務提供者（SP）提供給無乘員航空器系統（UAS）（3.83）飛行員或其員工的網路工具與資訊，以支持安全且高效的飛行任務規劃與執行，以及飛行後活動。
Note 1: Operation support services cover a time span much wider than UAS traffic management (UTM) services. Although they support UAS operations, they are neither traffic management nor air navigation services.
註1：營運支援服務涵蓋的時間範圍遠比無乘員航空器交通管理（UTM）服務更為廣泛。雖然它們支援無乘員航空器運作，但既非交通管理，也非航空導航服務。
3.44
operational volume 操作空間（長寬高的區域）
volume of airspace in which the aircraft is proposed to operate, defined by points on the ground and altitudes.航空器擬在該處操作的空域面積，由地面點及高度定義出來。
3.45
publication issued by the manufacturer which contains detailed data and instructions related to the design, installation, operation and maintenance of equipment.
3.45
operating manual操作手冊
publication issued by the manufacturer which contains detailed data and instructions related to the design, installation, operation and maintenance of equipment. 由製造商發布的出版物，包含與設備設計、安裝、操作及維護相關的詳細資料與說明。
[SOURCE來源:ISO 10432:2004, 3.18]
3.46
publication issued by the operator under its responsibility, containing procedures, instructions and guidance for use by operational personnel in the execution of their duties.
由營運者在其責任範圍內發行的出版物，內容包括作業人員執行分配之任務所需的程序、說明及指引。
3.47
aircraft that may be operated by an on-board pilot or by a remote pilot
該等航空器可由機上飛行員或遠端飛行員操作。
3.48
continual cyclic process which includes risk assessment, risk decision making and implementation of risk controls, which results in acceptance, mitigation, or avoidance of risk.
持續循環的過程，包括風險評估、風險決策及風險控制措施的實施，最終導致風險的接受、緩解或避免。
3.49
all elements of an uncrewed aircraft (3.80) that are not necessary for flight but are carried for the purpose of fulfilling specific mission objectives.
所有無乘員航空器（3.80）中飛行非必需但為完成特定任務目標而攜帶的元素。
3.50
payload link 有效載荷連結
data link for up-linking command instructions to the uncrewed aircraft (3.80)payload (3.49) and down-linking payload data, which is not critical to the safe operation of the uncrewed aircraft system (3.83).
用於將指令向上傳送至無乘員航空器（3.80）有效載荷（3.49）及向下傳送有效載荷資料的資料鏈結路徑，後者對無乘員航空器系統（3.83）的安全運作並非關鍵事項。
3.51
manipulate the flight controls of an aircraft during flight time (3.24)
[SOURCE來源:ISO 10432:2004, 3.18]
3.46
operations manual操作手冊
publication issued by the operator under its responsibility, containing procedures, instructions and guidance for use by operational personnel in the execution of their duties.由營運者在其責任範圍內發行的出版物，內容包括作業人員執行分配之任務所需的程序、說明及指引。
3.47
optionally piloted aircraft可選擇由飛行員（操作的）航空器
OPA
aircraft that may be operated by an on-board pilot or by a remote pilot 該等航空器可由機上飛行員或遠端飛行員操作。
3.48
operational risk management營運風險管理
ORM
continual cyclic process which includes risk assessment, risk decision making and implementation of risk controls, which results in acceptance, mitigation, or avoidance of risk.持續循環的過程，包括風險評估、風險決策及風險控制措施的實施，最終導致風險的接受、緩解或避免。
3.49
payload有效載荷
all elements of an uncrewed aircraft (3.80) that are not necessary for flight but are carried for the purpose of fulfilling specific mission objectives.所有無乘員航空器（3.80）中飛行非必需但為完成特定任務目標而攜帶的元素。
3.50
payload link 有效載荷連結
data link for up-linking command instructions to the uncrewed aircraft (3.80)payload (3.49) and down-linking payload data, which is not critical to the safe operation of the uncrewed aircraft system (3.83).
用於將指令向上傳送至無乘員航空器（3.80）有效載荷（3.49）及向下傳送有效載荷資料的資料鏈結路徑，後者對無乘員航空器系統（3.83）的安全運作並非關鍵事項。
3.51
pilot, verb（操作飛行器的）駕駛，動詞
manipulate the flight controls of an aircraft during flight time (3.24) 在飛行時間（3.24）內操控航空器的飛行控制。
3.52
radio line-of-sight無線電可視直線
RLOS
direct electronic contact through radio waves between a transmitter and a receiver, when both are under the managerial control of a UAS (3.83) operator.
當發射機與接收機皆由無乘員航空器系統（UAS）（3.83）飛行員管理時，透過無線電波進行直接電子接觸。
3.53
making an official record of UA (3.80), pilot and UA operation (3.78) in relevant authorities.
3.53
registration註冊
making an official record of UA (3.80), pilot and UA operation (3.78) in relevant authorities. 在相關機構中，正式記錄了無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）、飛行員及無乘員航空器（UA）運作（3.78）。
3.54
remote co-pilot遠端副飛行員
remote pilot serving in any piloting capacity other than as a remote PIC but excluding a remote pilot who is an operating crew member for the sole purpose of receiving flight instruction. 遠端飛行員指擔任除遠端機長外的任何飛行員職務，但排除作為操作機組成員、僅用於接受飛行指導的遠端飛行員。
3.55
crew member charged with duties essential to the operation of an uncrewed aircraft (3.80), during flight time (3.24)
3.55
remote crew member遠端機組成員
crew member charged with duties essential to the operation of an uncrewed aircraft (3.80), during flight time (3.24) 在飛行期間時（3.24）負責無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）操作必要任務的機組成員。
3.56
remote pilot-in-command遠端飛行員指揮官
RPIC
pilot designated by the operator, as being in command and charged with the safe conduct of a flight. 由飛行員指定為指揮官，負責安全執行飛行任務。
3.57
<of an aircraft> controlled from a pilot station which is not on board the aircraft.
3.57
remotely-piloted遠端飛行員操作
<of an aircraft> controlled from a pilot station which is not on board the aircraft.<對某航空器而言>由不在航空器上的飛行員停駐點控制。
3.58
remotely-piloted aircraft observer遠端駕駛航空器的觀察者
remote crew member (3.55) who, by visual observation of the uncrewed aircraft (3.80), assists the remote pilot in the safe conduct of the flight.
3.58
RPA observer
remotely-piloted aircraft observer遠端駕駛航空器的觀察者 remote crew member (3.55) who, by visual observation of the uncrewed aircraft (3.80), assists the remote pilot in the safe conduct of the flight.
遠端機組成員（3.55）透過目視觀察無乘員航空器（UA）（3.80）協助遠端飛行員安全執行飛行。
3.59
set of configurable components consisting of a remotely-piloted (3.57) aircraft, its associated remote pilot station(s), the required command and control links (C2 links) and any other system components as may be required, at any point during flight operation.
3.59
remotely-piloted aircraft system 遠端駕駛航空器系統
RPAS
set of configurable components consisting of a remotely-piloted (3.57) aircraft, its associated remote pilot station(s), the required command and control links (C2 links) and any other system components as may be required, at any point during flight operation.一組可配置的組件，包括遠端飛行員操作（3.57）的航空器、其相關的遠端駕駛停駐點、必要的指揮與控制鏈結（C2 鏈結）及其他任何可能需要的系統組件，在飛行操作過程中的任何時刻。
3.60
set of activities providing for system monitoring (3.39), measuring, assessment, and corrective action to assure the effectiveness of risk controls.
3.60
safety assurance安全保障
set of activities providing for system monitoring (3.39), measuring, assessment, and corrective action to assure the effectiveness of risk controls. 提供系統監督（3.39）、衡量、評估及矯正措施以確保風險控制效能的活動。
3.61
UAS (3.83) traffic management (UTM) service providing functions that have the potential to contribute to the violation of or achievement of a safety goal, but whose loss of degradation would not in itself produce catastrophic consequences .
3.61
safety-related UTM service與安全相關的 UTM 服務
UAS (3.83) traffic management (UTM) service providing functions that have the potential to contribute to the violation of or achievement of a safety goal, but whose loss of degradation would not in itself produce catastrophic consequences .無乘員航空器系統（UAS）（3.83）交通管理（UTM）服務提供的功能，這些功能可能有助於違反或達成安全目標，但其降低本身不會造成災難性後果。
3.62
systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures.
3.62
safety management system安全管理系統
SMS
systematic approach to managing safety, including the necessary organizational structures, accountabilities, policies and procedures. 系統化的安全管理方法，包括必要的組織架構、問責、政策與程序。
Note 1 to entry: Prescriptive, reactive, proactive, predictive and inter-organizational safety management and security management are described in ISO 23629-12.
註1：規範性、被動性、主動性、預測性及跨組織安全管理皆載於ISO 23629-12。
3.63
set of activities providing guidance for training and communication to promote safety as a core value in the organization 一系列活動，提供培訓與溝通指導，以促進安全作為組織的核心價值。
3.64
set of activities using task analysis, hazard identification, risk analysis, and risk assessment to develop risk controls.
Note 1 to entry: Prescriptive, reactive, proactive, predictive and inter-organizational safety management and security management are described in ISO 23629-12.
註1：規範性、被動性、主動性、預測性及跨組織安全管理皆載於ISO 23629-12。
3.63
safety promotion 安全推廣
set of activities providing guidance for training and communication to promote safety as a core value in the organization 一系列活動，提供培訓與溝通指導，以促進安全作為組織的核心價值。3.64
safety risk management 安全風險管理
SRM
set of activities using task analysis, hazard identification, risk analysis, and risk assessment to develop risk controls. 利用任務分析、危害識別、風險分析及風險評估來發展風險控制的活動集合。
3.65
airspace of specified dimensions allocated for exclusive use to a specific user(s).
3.65
segregated airspace 隔離空域
airspace of specified dimensions allocated for exclusive use to a specific user(s).指定尺寸的空域，專屬分配給特定使用者。
3.66
enforceable agreement between the command and control link communication service provider (C2CSP) and the UAS (3.83) operator covering the safety, performance, coverage and security of the C2 link provision as required for the RPAS (3.59) operator’s intended operations.
3.66
service level agreement 服務水準協議
SLA
enforceable agreement between the command and control link communication service provider (C2CSP) and the UAS (3.83) operator covering the safety, performance, coverage and security of the C2 link provision as required for the RPAS (3.59) operator’s intended operations.指揮與控制鏈路通訊服務提供者（C2CSP）與無乘員航空器系統（UAS）（3.83）營運商間的可執行協議，涵蓋RPAS（3.59）營運商預期作業所需的C2連結安全、性能、覆蓋範圍及安全性。
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